Microbes in the soil generate an electric current. Although some scientists have known this for over 100 years, this technology has not been used in our lives because it extracts a small amount of electricity.

Microbial fuel cells divert electrons produced from the microbial oxidation of reduced compounds on the anode to oxidized compounds such as oxygen on the cathode through an external electrical circuit.

I tried to build this biofuel cell as an ecosystem in which the electricity generated powers the system that pumps up and serves water to hydrate moss. However, the season I made this system was autumn and very dark, so I had to add UV light to keep the moss and microbes alive.